Languages

Like many linguists, if you ask me

“how many languages do you speak?”

my answer is

“well, it depends on what you mean by ‘language’ and ‘speak’!”

For me, language proficiency isn’t a static thing. It comes and goes depending on my life circumstances. I’ve come to embrace this, because you don’t need to be “indistinguishable from a native speaker” to use languages in a way that’s meaningful and useful for yourself and your community.

The idea of “native speaker” is pretty tricky anyway, so I avoid using that, but that’s another story!

Right now, the langauges I spend the most time on are English, Mandarin, and Cantonese. Below is an overview of my language experience.

Full professional proficiency

These are languages I use all the time. I feel comfortable expressing myself about pretty much anything.

English

Mandarin

Working proficiency

I’ve studied these languages extensively, and have used them at work, in daily life, and in my community. I’ve taken the equivalent of advanced-level classes in these languages. If I haven’t used them in a while, I tend to get rusty, but they tend to come back quickly if my life circumstances require me to use them.

German

Japanese

Korean

Spanish

Limited working proficiency

I’ve studied these languages fairly extensively, although I haven’t many opportunities to use them recently. I’ve studied these languages up to the high intermediate level. I can understand other people and make myself understood, perhaps with some hiccups along the way.

Cantonese

French

Vietnamese

Intermediate proficiency

I have considerable understanding of how these languages work, and I can generally communicate, with some goodwill and patience on the part of my interlocutor. I’ve taken classes in these languages up to the intermediate level. I’d be eager to use these languages more, if needed.

American Sign Language

Arabic (Egyptian, Levantine, Modern Standard)

Hindi

Norwegian

Persian

Russian

Urdu

Novice proficiency

I have some linguistic understanding of how these languages work, and I’ve learned enough of the basics to make an impression on people who know the languages. I know what resources I’d use to learn more if I needed to.

Amharic

Bengali

Burmese

Dutch

Haitian Creole

Icelandic

Indonesian

Khmer

Lao

Malay

Min Nan (Hokkien/Taiwanese)

Pashto

Portuguese

Somali

Swedish

Tamil

Thai

Tigrinya

Turkish

Uyghur

Yoruba